We show that GPU passthrough to KVM achieves 98 - 100\% of the base system's performance across two architectures, while Xen and VMWare achieve 96 - 99\% of the base systems performance, respectively. We compare the performance of two generations of NVIDIA GPUs within the Xen, VMWare ESXi, and KVM hypervisors, and we also compare the performance to that of Linux Containers (LXC). In this paper we show that low overhead GPU passthrough is achievable across 4 major hypervisors and two processor microarchitectures.
Today, several common hypervisors support GPU passthrough, but their performance has not been systematically characterized. Accelerators such as GPUs offer improvements in both performance and power efficiency over traditional multi-core processors, however, their use in the cloud has been limited.
As more scientific workloads are moved into the cloud, the need for high performance accelerators increases.
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